After discussions that showed divisions, and a downward revision negotiated by the president of the Spanish government and the leader of the first Catalan party, the project was adopted by the Assembly and proposed to the Catalans by referendum. The radical left alliance between Catalonia in common and Podem (En Comú Podem), neutral on the subject of accession to full sovereignty, opposed to the declaration of independence as well as to the application of article 155 and favorable in a self-determination referendum, won the 8 remaining seats for an electoral score of 6.87% of the votes cast. During the elections of February 14, 2021, the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC, separatist from the center-left social democrat), Together for Catalonia (Junts or JxCat, separatist from the center and center-right liberal), and the Candidature of Popular Unity (CUP, anti-capitalist left-wing separatist), three formations that defended the declaration of independence of October 27, 2017, opposed the application of article 155 of the Spanish Constitution and demanded the release of the condemned Catalan leaders for “sedition”, won 74 out of 135 deputies in parliament, with 48.05% of the votes cast. West Berlin fully implemented the treaties, however the city did not become part of West Germany until October 3, 1990. Indeed, until German unification in 1990, West Berlin's de jure status was that of American, British and French occupied zones with a West German civil administration.

The 2006 preamble to the statute of autonomy affirms that the Parliament defined Catalonia as a nation, but that the Spanish Constitution recognizes Catalonia as a national reality. The questions of its status, its degree of autonomy (or even its independence) and the recognition of its particular historical, cultural and linguistic identity historically play a leading role in Catalonia, structuring its institutional and political life. The parties opposed to independence and which supported the application of article 155, the Party of the Socialists of Catalonia (PSC, center left federalist, came out on top of the ballot just ahead of the ERC), Vox (radical right on the neo-Franco and centralist extreme right, which then entered the Catalan Parliament), Ciutadans (Cs, unionist center right), and the Catalan People's Party (PPC, conservative and unionist right), accumulated 63 seats and 40.13% of the votes. The Generality of Catalonia (in Catalan: Generalitat de Catalunya) is the institution through which the autonomy of Catalonia is organised. ↑ Pierre Vilar, Catalonia in modern Spain: research on the economic foundations of national structures, vol.

After 1716, cristiano ronaldo jersey manchester united and its murderous conquest by the French and Castilian armies under the orders of the Bourbons (Louis XIV and his grandson Philippe de Valois) it is now a province of the new unitary and absolutist then constitutional state that is Spain. Against the background of the supporters' revolt against the Glazer family, at the head of the club since 2005, the Red Devils end the year in 6th place and will have to settle for the Europa League next season, under the orders of the Dutchman Erik ten Hag, newly appointed on the bench. Under the Franco dictatorship, Catalan was, from 1939 until the 1970s, excluded from the public education system and from all other official and public institutions. The Catalan air network's hub is Barcelona-El Prat International Airport (BCN), located in the municipality of El Prat de Llobregat and the south-eastern suburbs of Barcelona. Barcelona airport control tower. Reus (REU) in the southwest, near Tarragona, which serves the Costa Daurada and the important PortAventura World leisure complex with mainly seasonal international flights; Lleida-Alguaire Airport (ILD) in Alguaire near Lérida to the west, which is the only of these international airports not to be state property but to belong to the Generalitat de Catalunya.

Likewise, the connections between the French border to the northeast and that with the Valencian Community to the southwest, following the coast line, form a particularly important and frequented axis. Catalonia, like the Basque Country and Galicia, has a special status of “historical community”. On November 3, 2005, the Catalan Parliament passed the Catalonia Statute Reform Bill, which was then debated before the Spanish Parliamentary Assembly in Madrid. Catalonia (Principat de Catalunya in Catalan), it was linked by a personal union to the Kingdom of Aragon from 1137 within the Crown of Aragon, then to the Crown of Castile from 1479 within the Monarchy Spanish Catholic. The railway companies active in Catalonia are the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC), for railways belonging to the Generalitat de Catalunya, and Renfe, the Spanish national company, manchester united store which operates trains alone or in cooperation with the French National Railway Company (SNCF) for cross-border LGVs. The networks are essentially organized in a star around Barcelona, ​​while the axis traced by the ancient Roman Via Augusta along the Mediterranean coast remains of major importance in the organization of land transport (road and rail) in Catalonia but also on a European scale (European route 15 or E15, high-speed lines or LGV of Renfe-SNCF in Cooperation).